SBC Conservatives and Moderates Contrasted and Compared
by Daniel L. Akin Vol. XIII, No. 2, February 2000
Dean of Students, Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary, Wake Forest, NC.
[Dr. Akin is now President of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary,
Wake Forest, NC.]
Conservatives |
Moderates |
|
| Theological | * Affirm the inerrancy of the Bible. Find no errors in the autographs
philosophically, theologically, scientifically, or historically. * The Bible is the Word of God. * All are creationists, though not all are "young earthers".
* All affirm soteriological exclusivism (people are saved only through
Christ). * Affirm Scripture as the foundational source of religious spiritual
authority. * Affirm congregationalism with strong pastoral authority/leadership. * Oppose women as pastors (complementarians in home & church). * View autonomy as a precious check against both hierarchicalism & connectionalism.
* Affirm the eternal continuation of both heaven & hell. * See the priesthood of all believers as guaranteeing direct access to God for all
believers and primarily as a doctrine of responsibility. * Discover no contradictions or internal inconsistencies in the Bible when it is
properly interpreted. |
* Affirm the authority of the Bible in matters of salvation. Find
some errors in areas such as science and history. * The Bible contains/becomes the Word of God. * Emphasize the necessity of theological diversity. * Many are theistic evolutionists. * Many affirm soteriological inclusivism (some in other religions may
be saved).
* Affirm congregationalism with strong congregational authority and
democratic process. * Affirm women as pastors (egalitarians in home & church). * View autonomy as the right of every church to do or believe what it wishes and not
have its fellowship questioned associationally or denominationally. * Some embrace idea of the annihilation of the wicked. * See the priesthood of all believers as giving to each the right to believe anything
he/she wishes. Often change the term to "priesthood of the believer." * Discover numerous contradictions and internal inconsistencies in the Bible. |
Conservatives |
Moderates |
|
| Theological cont'd | * Affirm historical-grammatical interpretation * Find no mythological elements in Scripture. * Emphasize the transcendent truth of Scripture. |
*Affirm historical-critical interpretation. * Are open to mythological elements in Scripture. * See much of the Bible as culturally conditional. |
| Moral | * Pro-life * Most favor a voluntary prayer amendment. * All see homosexuality/lesbianism as sin and a choice of lifestyle. |
* Pro-choice * Most oppose a voluntary prayer amendment. * Some see homosexuality/lesbianism as an acceptable lifestyle and a pre-disposed psychological orientation. |
| Political | * Most are Reagan/Bush Republicans (political right). * Emphasize peacemaking together with a strong military. * Favor smaller government, lower taxes, state and local rights, greater individual
freedom. * Advocate separation of church and state to the extent that government neither establishes religion nor interferes with its practice. |
* Most are Carter/Clinton Democrats (political left). * Emphasize peacemaking with a much smaller military. * Most favor big federal government with multiplied social and welfare programs. * Advocate separation of church and state to the extent that the church makes little attempt to impact community morality through government. |
| Denominational | * See the others as "moderates," or "liberals," or
"neo-orthodox." * View creeds and confessions as important defining documents, though always subject to
Scripture. * Believe that the institutions and agencies of a denomination should operate with
confessional integrity. * Are intensely evangelistic and missionary. * Are more comfortable in cooperative ventures with evangelical groups like IVF, Campus Crusade, and Wycliffe Bible Translators. |
* See the others as "fundamentalists." * View creeds and confessions as problematic at best, confining and wrong at worst. * Believe that the institutions and agencies of a denomination should operate without
confessional restraint. * Are inclined heavily toward "social ministries." * Are more comfortable in cooperative ventures with groups like CBF, BJCPA, and mainline denominations. |
The information used to compile this chart was gleaned primarily, though not exclusively, from the following:
Nancy Ammerman, Baptist Battles, Rutgers, 1990.
Thomas Bland, Jr., ed., Servant Songs, Smyth & Helwys, 1994.
Robert Ferguson, ed., Amidst Babel, Speak the Truth, Smyth & Helwys, 1993.
Walter Shurden, ed., The Struggle for the Soul of the SBC, Mercer, 1993.